Elements and Performance Criteria

RANGE STATEMENT
The range statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance.
Operations may be conducted:
by day or night
in variable weather conditions
Performance may be demonstrated in:
simulated situations, and/or
an operational air traffic control workplace
Conflict of air traffic is:
a situation in which, in the opinion of air traffic services personnel, the distance between aircraft as well as their relative positions and speed might compromise the safety of the aircraft operations
Conflict can occur between:
aircraft
aircraft and obstructions
aircraft and vehicles/pedestrians
aircraft and airspace boundaries
Resolution of air traffic conflicts requires:
the determination of alternative flight paths which would be free from conflicts and the selection of one of these flight paths for use
Recognising air traffic conflict might include:
maintaining situational awareness
scanning techniques
system tools for recognising conflicts
Graphic Display Tools
Fight Progress Strip (FPS) placement and manipulation and Flight Data Records (FDR)
System tools for recognising comprised separation may include:
Flight Progress Strips
visual identification
displays
pilot reports
Separation standards include:
vertical separation standards (including with terrain)
reduced vertical separation standards (RVSM)
longitudinal separation standards
lateral separation standards
radar separation standards
ADS and ADS (B) standards
wake turbulence separation standards
visual separation standards
sight and follow standard
runway separation standards
emergency separation standards (vertical)
Alternative methods of resolving conflicts might include:
pilot responsibility for separation
delaying aircraft
delaying clearances, including clearance to enter particular classifications of airspace
use of vectoring under RADAR control
refusing requests from pilots and/or other controllers
passing traffic information
Compromised separation might include:
situations where less than the applicable separation minima occurs between: aircraft; an aircraft and a hazard; or an aircraft and airspace boundaries
situations where separation assurance is not achieved
situations where one aircraft is subject to an emergency, i.e. emergency descent or forced landing
Dependent on the type of organisation concerned and the local terminology used, workplace procedures may include:
company procedures
enterprise procedures
organisational procedures
established procedures
standard operating procedures
regulatory standards and recommended practices
Administrative actions might include:
incident reporting procedures
'stand-down' procedures
Tactical separation assurance is defined as that which is achieved through:
proactive application of separation standards to avoid rather than resolve conflicts
planning traffic to guarantee rather than achieve separation
executing the plan so as to guarantee separation
monitoring the situation to ensure that plan and execution are effective
Strategic separation assurance is defined as that which:
places emphasis on the designing of airspace, air routes, air traffic management plans and air traffic control practices to reduce the likelihood aircraft will come into conflict
Information/documents may include:
Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) regulations and Manuals of Standards (MOS)
Local Instructions (LI) and Temporary Local Instructions (TLI)
training curricula and syllabi
equipment manufacturers specifications and instructions
Manual of Air Traffic Services (MATS)
Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP)
workplace procedures, instructions
Training Standards Manual (TSM)
ICAO Document 4444, ATM/501, Procedures for Air Navigation Services, Air Traffic Management
occupational specification for air traffic controllers
industrial certified agreements and awards
training and assessment records
documented learning and assessment strategies
Applicable regulations and legislation may include:
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Standards and Recommended Practices (SARP)
Civil Aviation Safety Regulations (CASR) and Manuals of Standards (MOS)
relevant Defence Orders and Instructions
Airservices Act (Cth) 1995
OH&S Legislation (state and federal)
Civil Aviation Act (Cth) 1988 and the Civil Aviation Amendment Act 1995

EVIDENCE GUIDE
The Evidence Guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria, required knowledge and skills, the range statement and the assessment guidelines for this Training Package.

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit
The evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria of this unit and include demonstration of applying:
the underpinning knowledge and skills
relevant legislation and workplace procedures
other relevant aspects of the range statement

Context of and specific resources for assessment
Performance is demonstrated consistently over a period of time and in a suitable range of contexts
Resources for assessment include:
a range of relevant exercises, case studies and/or other simulated practical and knowledge assessment, and/or
access to an appropriate range of relevant operational situations in the workplace
In both real and simulated environments, access is required to:
relevant and appropriate materials and equipment, and
applicable documentation including workplace procedures, regulations, codes of practice and operation manuals

Method of assessment
Assessment of this unit must be undertaken by a registered training organisation
As a minimum, assessment of knowledge must be conducted through appropriate written/oral tests
Practical assessment must occur:
through activities in an appropriately simulated environment at the registered training organisation, and/or
in an appropriate range of situations in the workplace