Elements and Performance Criteria

General context
Work must be carried out in compliance with mandatory rules and regulations and IMO Conventions and Codes including the relevant sections of the AMSA Marine Orders and ensure that applicable codes, guidelines and standards recommended by IMO, the classification societies and maritime industry organisations are taken into account.

Work is performed relatively independently under broad operational requirements, with accountability for self and others in achieving the prescribed outcomes within the scope of responsibility of an Engineer (Class1).

Work involves the application of national and international regulations, company safety policies and procedures and established safe engineering practice to ensure the safety of engine equipment, systems and services on a ship of unlimited propulsion power. Contribution to the development and implementation of safe working procedures, operation plans and hazard control strategies is required and accountability and responsibility for self and others in achieving the outcomes is involved.

Work requires significant judgement in making arrangements for the safe and efficient operation and condition of the shipboard machinery installation within the scope of responsibility of an Engineer (Class1). This includes management and control of personnel, analysis of operational hazards and safe working requirements and the checking of the condition of shipboard machinery and decision-making.

Worksite environment
The machinery installation may include those typically found on an Australian or international commercial vessel of 3,000 kW propulsion power and more.

The safe and efficient operation and condition of the shipboard machinery installation must be maintained at all times including:
by day or night in both normal and emergency situations
under any permissible conditions of weather
during berthing and unberthing operations
while anchored or moored
in dry dock
when bunkering
during cargo operations.

Types of machinery encompasses all main, auxiliary and ancillary machinery and may include:
steam turbines, diesel, diesel electric and gas turbine propulsion systems and controls
steering gear, stabilizers, bow thrusters, rudders
fluid power systems and controls
deck machinery
pumps and pumping systems
auxiliary systems and controls, including:
fresh and salt water cooling systems
lubricating oil cooling systems
fuel, oil, gas, coal
air starting
lubrication
bilge and ballast system, oily water separator
refrigeration and air-conditioning plant and equipment
onboard air compressors and compressed air and control air systems
waste management and pollution control systems as per the MARPOL Convention
evaporators
inert gas generator
cargo pumps, tank washing machines and associated systems
purifiers and clarifiers
heaters
sewage plant
fixed fire fighting installations and fire control systems
main and auxiliary boilers and waste heat generators
life saving appliances
maintenance to hull and vessel side valves
anchoring and mooring equipment
maintenance of plant associated with the carriage of dangerous goods.

Propulsion plant configurations may include:
low speed, medium and high speed diesel propulsion
stern tube bearing
CPP
direct drive shaft
diesel electric
steam turbine
gas turbine
reduction gears
thrust blocks, detuners and shaft bearings.

Types of electrical and electronic control equipment may include:
programmable logic controllers (PLCs)
signal transmission systems used for monitoring and control
temperature and pressure sensors
electronic PID controllers
analog to digital converters
electrical and electronic equipment space monitoring alarm and control systems
a.c. generators
a.c. and d.c. motors, including:
three phase induction motors such as squirrel cage, double cage, wound rotor and slip ring, TEFC, splash proof and submersible
three phase synchronous motors
three phase alternators
three phase transformers
electronic instrumentation and power supply circuits
main switchboard and shipboard power distribution systems including:
distribution circuits and wiring
protection devices
circuit breakers
emergency supply systems including emergency generators and battery banks
electronic governors
deck electrical machinery.

Operational hazards may include but are not restricted to:
moving heavy loads in an unsafe work environment
unsecured machinery, components or repaired equipment
slippery deck
welding equipment
sharp tools and implements
power tools
moving and rotating machinery
flammable liquids, vapours and fuel
faulty machinery equipment handling equipment and lifting gear
using equipment beyond safe working limits
poor housekeeping procedures
non-compliance with safe working procedures
electrical wiring and systems
hot pipes and valves (steam, fuel oil, lubricating oil)
cold pipes and valves (refrigeration and liquefied gas cargoes)
working at heights
exposed electrical circuits
toxic gases and substances
chemicals and other harmful substances
damaged cargo and containers
noxious and dangerous cargoes
overspeed of electrical machinery, emergency trips.

Sources of information/documents
Documentation/records may include:
ISM Code safety management system plans, procedures, checklists and instructions
vessel and company's safety management policies, emergency contingency plans and procedures
identifying records required under OHS legislation, for example:
worker's compensation and rehabilitation records
hazardous substances registers
Material Safety Data Sheets
major accident/injury notifications and
certificates and licences
manufacturers and suppliers operating and maintenance instructions and OHS information
OHS audits and inspection reports
maintenance and testing reports
workplace environmental monitoring and health surveillance records
records of instruction and training and
first aid/medical post records.

Applicable International, Australian and State/Territory regulations and legislation
Applicable procedures and codes may include:
relevant sections of national and international regulations, IMO Conventions and Codes, including AMSA Marine Orders and class society rules dealing with OHS in shipboard workplaces
relevant international, Australian and State/Territory OH&S legislation, particularly:
OHS Acts, regulations and codes of practice, including regulations and codes of practice relating to hazards present in the workplace or industry
general duty of care under OHS legislation and common law
requirements for the maintenance and confidentiality of records of occupational injury and disease
requirements for provision of OHS information and training
provisions relating to health and safety representatives and/or OHS committees and
provisions relating to OHS issue resolution.

Critical aspects of evidence to be considered
Assessment must confirm appropriate knowledge and skills to:
Ensure the safety of engine equipment, systems and services onboard a vessel
Ensure the safe and efficient operation and condition of shipboard machinery installation
Identify safety related problems and hazards associated with the operation of the shipboard machinery installation and initiate appropriate action for the minimisation or elimination
Ensuring that personnel exercise all required safety, environmental and hazard control precautions and procedures when operating the shipboard machinery installation
Communicate effectively with others when operating the shipboard machinery installation, including use of the internal communication system
Ensure adherence to national and international safety regulations, IMO Conventions and Codes.

Interdependent assessment of units
This unit of competency must be assessed in conjunction with other mandatory competency units that form part of a job role of an Engineer (Class 1).

Required knowledge and skills
Knowledge of national and international regulations, IMO Conventions and Codes including AMSA Marine Orders applicable to the start up and shut down of main propulsion and auxiliary machinery and associated systems on vessels of unlimited propulsion power
Relevant OH&S legislation, policies and procedures
Established engineering practice for ensuring the safe and efficient operation and condition of shipboard machinery installations
Operational characteristics and performance specifications for the different types of machinery installation usually found on a vessel of unlimited propulsion power
Procedures for checking the various parts of the shipboard machinery installation to ensure compliance with the company and survey requirements and established safety rules and regulations
The nature and causes of typical start up and shut down malfunctions of main propulsion and auxiliary machinery and associated systems and the available methods for their detection and rectification
Safety, environmental and hazard control precautions and procedures relevant to the operation of shipboard machinery installation
Hazards and associated safety risks associated with the operation of the machinery installation on the vessel, including:
the range of control measures available for these safety risks
considerations for choosing between different control measures
how to identify when expert advice is needed
Types of operational records that must be maintained on a vessel to meet the requirements of the company, survey requirements and regulatory authorities
Maritime communication techniques needed during the start up and shut down of main propulsion and auxiliary machinery and associated systems
Knowledge and ability to read and interpret material safety data sheets
Knowledge and ability to read and interpret machinery performance readings and indications
Knowledge and ability to read and interpret vessel and machinery specifications, machinery design drawings, machine drawings, operational manuals, specifications and electrical and control circuit diagrams
Safety issues, hazards and precautions associated with the operation of:
engines and propulsion plant
fuel systems
engine cooling and lubrication systems
electrical plant and distribution systems
marine control systems
auxiliary machinery and associated systems
A basic understanding of the properties, characteristics and application of materials and structures typically used in the construction of a vessel of unlimited propulsion power and its associated operational machinery and a basic knowledge of the properties and characteristics of liquids, fuels, lubricants, gases and vapours used onboard vessel
Procedures for the testing of boiler water, machinery cooling water and lubricating oil
Principles and operational characteristics of power transmission systems including gearing, chain, hydraulic and belt
Principles and operational characteristics of internal combustion engines, including:
two stroke and four stroke cycles
optimum combustion parameters and their control
diesel engine scavenging systems both in normal and emergency operation
atmospheric pollution caused by diesel engine combustion and ways in which it can be minimised
Principles of fuel systems, including:
typical injection pressures and viscosities for different grades of fuel
alterations to fuel pumps, camshafts and injectors for varying fuel types
differences between constant and variable injection timing of fuel
injection requirements for different speeds of diesel engine
common service faults, symptoms and causes of combustion problems and related solutions
fuel line pulsation damping devices and leakage protection
fuel valve cooling arrangements
uni-fuel and dual fuel systems
Principles of engine cooling and lubrication, including:
different methods of diesel engine cooling
need for treatment of engine cooling water
methods of treating engine cooling water
diesel engine lubrication requirements
methods of lubricating diesel engine components
theory and types of lubrication
relative characteristics, and applications of mineral and synthetic oils
contaminants that may affect lubricants, their effect on machinery performance, and action that can be taken to avoid and remedy contamination of lubricants
common lubrication problems and their solution
Principles of operation of hydraulic and electronic overspeed governors
Principles of marine control systems, including:
common sensors and their associated transmitters
analysis of control loops
temperature and pressure control systems used onboard vessel
methods of load-dependent cooling of diesel alternators on heavy fuel oils
analysis of typical level control systems used onboard vessel
operation and application of electronic PID controllers
Principles and functions of machinery space monitoring and alarm systems, including:
central cooling and load dependent cooling control systems
main engine control arrangements for fixed pitch and controllable pitch propeller systems requiring sequential control
alarm and monitoring systems involving data loggers, alarm loggers and trend analysis
Theory and preventative strategies for scavenge and uptake fires, and starting airline, crankcase and gearbox explosions, including:
plans for hazard reduction
procedures for extinguishment of scavenge fires
regaining of control after starting airline, crankcase and gearbox explosions
Methods of providing air for combustion
Principles of thermodynamics and heat and heat engines relevant to detection, identification and repair of faults, including:
heat transfer, including log mean temperature and circular pressure vessels
gases
gas cycles
properties and expansion of steam
steam cycles including a specific understanding of the use of entropy charts and modifications to the steam cycle
boilers and evaporators
steam turbines, including an understanding of isentropic efficiency
combustion with a specific understanding of volumetric analysis
refrigeration and air conditioning, including the use of entropy charts.

Resource implications
Access is required to opportunities to either:
participate in a range of practical and theoretical assignments, exercises, case studies and other assessments that demonstrate the skills and knowledge to ensure the application of hazard control measures and safe working regulations and procedures to ensure the safety of engine equipment, systems and services on a vessel of unlimited propulsion power; and/or
the application of hazard control measures and safe working regulations and procedures to the efficient operation of the machinery installation on a commercial or training vessel of unlimited propulsion power.

Consistency in performance
Applies underpinning knowledge and skills when:
ensuring the safety of engine equipment, systems and services onboard a vessel
ensuring the application of hazard control measures and safe working regulations and procedures to the efficient operation of the machinery installation
identifying problems and hazards and initiating appropriate action for rectification
communicating effectively with others during operations on the shipboard machinery installation
identifying and implementing safety related improvements to operational procedures
completing safety related documentation and records.

Shows evidence of application of relevant workplace procedures including:
relevant sections of international Conventions and Codes and AMSA Marine Orders
OHS regulations and hazard prevention policies and procedures
issue resolution procedures
ISM Code safety management system procedures and work instructions on the operation of the shipboard equipment installation typically found on a vessel of unlimited propulsion power, including machinery specifications and directions on equipment capability, safety hazards and precautions, and operational limitations
machinery security procedures
following on-board housekeeping processes.

Action taken promptly to report and/or rectify machinery malfunctions, non-conformities, accidents, hazardous occurrences and safety incidents in accordance with statutory requirements, company procedures and the ISM Code.

Recognises and adapts appropriately to cultural differences on board vessel in behaviour and interactions among officers, crew and passengers, where relevant.

Work is managed, controlled and completed systematically with required attention to detail.

Context for assessment
Assessment of competence must comply with the assessment requirements of the relevant maritime regulations.

Assessment of this unit must be undertaken within relevant marine authority approved and audited arrangements by a registered training organisation:
As a minimum, assessment of knowledge must be conducted through appropriate written/oral examinations
Appropriate practical assessment must occur:
at the registered training organisation, and/or
on an appropriate working or training vessel.